What are the most common types of cancer in cats?
Several types of cancers are commonly seen in cats. Probably the most common is lymphoma, which generally affects the gastrointestinal tract in cats. I also see fibrosarcomas and squamous cell carcinoma in cats. These are probably the most common types of cancer seen in feline patients.
What are the clinical signs of cancer in cats?
Clinical signs of cancer in cats vary slightly depending on the type of cancer and the organ system principally affected. For cancer in the mouth, the most common sign reported is changes in eating, such as reluctance to eat, difficulty eating, excessive drooling, and in advanced cases, keeping the mouth open even at rest. For fibrosarcomas, an owner might notice a hard lump on the cat's body that grows over time. For lymphoma, which affects the gastrointestinal tract, signs include changes in appetite, progressive loss of appetite, weight loss, vomiting, diarrhea, and general malaise, often causing the cat to hide more.
How is cancer diagnosed in cats?
Diagnosing cancer in cats typically involves several diagnostic methods. A comprehensive blood panel is conducted, often followed by X-rays and ultrasounds of the abdomen or chest. A tissue biopsy is also used to confirm the type of cancer. Although current diagnostic tests for screening a variety of cancers are available for dogs, similar methods for cats are in development and expected to become available in the future, enhancing our diagnostic toolkit for feline patients.
What are the treatment options for cancer in cats?
Treatment options for cancer in cats are similar to those for other species, including people. Treatment varies depending on the type of cancer and includes chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery. Not all treatments will be effective for every patient, which is why consulting an oncologist can be beneficial. After a cancer diagnosis, veterinarians provide information on the type of cancer and may offer a referral to an oncologist for further consultation and treatment options. However, if aggressive treatment does not align with the owner's goals for the pet's quality of life, palliative care may be chosen to ensure comfort without invasive treatments. Owners can discuss these options with their veterinarian to manage the cat's comfort and quality of life at home.
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